Anthrax you cant catch it from terrorists, only Essay Example For Students

Anthrax: you can?t catch it from terrorists, only Essay farm animals and env1. The anthrax bacillus is considered the first germ proved to cause human disease. In 2001, Anthrax was deliberately spread through the postal system by sending letters with powder containing anthrax. This caused 22 cases of anthrax infection. 2. Anthrax is a serious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a bacterium that forms spores. There are three types of anthrax:skin (cutaneous)lungs (inhalation)digestive (gastrointestinal)3. Anthrax is not known to spread from one person to another. Humans can become infected with anthrax by handling products from infected animals or by breathing in anthrax spores from infected animal products (like wool, for example). People also can become infected with digestive anthrax by eating undercooked meat from infected animals. 4. The symptoms (warning signs) of anthrax are different depending on the type of the disease:Cutaneous: The first symptom is a small sore that develops into a blister. The blister then develops into a skin ulcer with a black area in the center. Gastrointestinal: The first symptoms are nausea, loss of appetite, bloody diarrhea, and fever, followed by bad stomach pain. Inhalation: The first symptoms of inhalation anthrax are like cold or flu symptoms and can include a sore throat, mild fever and muscle aches. Later symptoms include cough, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, tiredness and muscle aches. 5. Antibiotics are used to treat all three types of anthrax. Early identification and treatment are important. Treatment is usually a 60-day course of antibiotics. Success depends on the type of anthrax and how soon treatment begins. 6. Vaccination. There is a vaccine to prevent anthrax, but it is not yet available for the general public. 7. Those who are often exposed to animals, or those in developing countries, especially those without strong veterinary public health programs. 8. The bacteriums destructive properties are due largely to toxins, which consist of three proteins: protective antigen, edema factor, and lethal factor. Protective antigen (PA) binds to select cells of an infected person or animal and forms a channel that permits edema factor and lethal factor to enter those cells. Edema factor (EF), once inside the cell, causes fluid to accumulate at the site of infection. EF can contribute to a fatal buildup of fluid in the cavity surrounding the lungs. It also can inhibit some of the bodys immune functions. Lethal factor (LF), once inside the cell, disrupts a key molecular switch that regulates the cells functions. LF can kill infected cells or prevent them from working properly. 9. In the United States, only 236 anthrax cases were reported between 1955 and 1999, an average of about five per year. In October 2001, anthrax spores were sent through the U.S. mail and caused 18 confirmed cases of anthrax (11 inhalation, 7 cutaneous). Five individuals with inhalation anthrax died; none of the cutaneous cases was fatal.

Learning Analytics Research For Australian â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Learning Analytics Research For Australian? Answer: Introduction The Auckland University of Technology was established in the year 2000. More than 29,000 students took admission in the University in the year 2016. The Auckland University of Technology is providing quality education to more than 4000 students from 96 countries. The University has North, City and South campuses in Auckland. AUT millennium and AUT center for Refugee education are specialist locations of the University. AUT got the position of 441-450 in the 2016 QS World University Ranking. The Auckland University of Technology addresses the local concerns related to sustainability as well as takes initiatives to address the global challenges. The operational facilities in the Auckland University of Technology management are in alignment to meet sustainability goals and a culture of Sustainability is promoted in the University through a network of partners, learning, research and teaching. The Auckland University of Technology focuses on the Three Bottom Line of Business-Profit, Peop le and Planet and the vision of the University is aligned to address the concerns of society, economy, environment and the planet. The curriculum of the Auckland University of Technology instills the culture of sustainability among students so that the graduates of the University can contribute to the society by bringing positive change in the field of sustainability (Cullingford Blewitt, 2013). Discussion The United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions (SDGs) Network provided membership to the Auckland University of Technology. Expert knowledge in the field of science and technology from civil society, academics and private sector was utilized for implementing solutions for sustainable development(Caeiro et al, 2013) The University is committed to achieve goals of sustainability a taskforce to meet commitments of sustainability for next 10 years was established by Vice-chancellor Derek Mc Cormack in the year 2012 Evaluation of AUTs Sustainability Measures 1) The Auckland University of Technology has sustainability goals and takes measures in the area of learning and teaching. The curriculum of the AUT enables its students to emerge as leaders and bring changes in the field of sustainability so that the students can contribute to society, environment and economy by their creativity and innovation. The teaching and learning framework embeds the principles of sustainability among students of the AUT. The students who graduate from the University gain the necessary knowledge and skills to contribute to the challenges of sustainability. They become literate about the local and global issues and challenges of sustainability through the learning modules of the University (Hazelkorn, 2015). Activities in AUT to promote sustainability 1) The University involves people from advisory boards of industries to review the curriculum so that elements of sustainability development are included in the teaching and learning framework. 2) The Auckland University of Technology also provides recognition and awards to students and staffs for their noteworthy contribution in the field of Sustainability. 3) The University increases the numbers of services of academics, programs and papers that addresses the perspective of sustainability and the University includes competencies of sustainability as a key quality for graduates. Research and Scholarship Positive change in the environment, society and economy of the New Zealand, Auckland as well as internationally is promoted through the research work undertaken by students and staffs of the AUT. 1) The consultancy projects, research and scholarship undertaken by the University which are encouraged by the Auckland University of Technology promotes a culture of sustainability and meets the goals of sustainability as well as reduces negative impacts, 2) There is transfer of knowledge and expertise among the stakeholders of the Auckland University of Technology which includes community and business through the research and scholarship of the University (Sterling Huckle, 2014). Governance, Staff and Leadership The staffs of the Auckland University of Technology are made capable to address issues of sustainability and it is ensured that the management and business processes of the University are aligned to marketing issues related to the sustainability so that benefits are provided to the well-being of the people of Auckland and worldwide. During the induction and training programs of staffs modules of sustainability are included and responsibilities of sustainability are mentioned in the position description of staffs. Learning in Future Environments (LIFE) index of the AUT monitors performance and progress against the sustainability goals of the University. The policies of sustainability are developed and practices and policies are audited to check the alignment of policies with goals of sustainability (Sustainability in AUT, 2017) Recognition and awards are given to individuals or groups of staffs who act as agents of change and innovators in the field of sustainability, Partnership and community engagement The Auckland University of Technology engages members of the community, and all stakeholders like business and industry and the ideals of Fair Trade are supported among all stakeholders. The policies of procurement of the University are continuously monitored to check their alignment with the principles of sustainability. The volunteering program for staffs and students to address sustainability-related challenges are well designed by the Auckland University of Technology. Entrepreneurial activity is promoted among students which are in alignment with principles of Sustainability (Vaughter et al., 2013). Operations and Facility The synergy is created in between the experience of students and the campus of Auckland University of Technology. The campuses of the University is managed effectively to achieve the goals of sustainability. Restorative practices towards the environment will be adopted by the University and the Auckland University of Technology will undertake projects that will reduce harmful effects on the environment both in Auckland and Worldwide. 1) Reuse and recycling is promoted in the operational activities of the University and non-renewable resources are discouraged to be consumed 2) A plan for management of waste is implemented and initiatives are taken to enhance green spaces within the campus of the University. 3) A plan of travel which is aligned with principles of sustainability is designed for students and staffs who travel for business of the Auckland University of Technology. Utility like gas, water and consumption of electricity is effectively managed in everyday operational activities of the University so that cost can be reduced. Health and safety of staffs and students are ensured within the campus of the University. Strategy of energy management is implemented and students are encouraged to take up activities for the improvement of the campus of Auckland University of Technology as a part of their assessment and activity at class (Lozano et al., 2013) Comparison with University of Melbourne In University of Melbourne there are advocates for student and staff who play a key role in the promotion of a culture of sustainability among staffs and students of University of Melbourne. The advocates promote awareness related to the challenges of sustainability among staffs and students and encourage them to take initiatives that would address sustainability challenges of the environment. The green impact is a sustainable program that was piloted for the first time in the campus of the University and the University which recognizes and gives awards to staffs and students who make significant contribution to this program (Ceulemans, Molderez Van Liedekerke, 2015). The University plans to publish a plan for the management of biodiversity by 2017 March and this plan will be ratified by the Landscape Committee. Maintaining biodiversity and protecting flora, fauna and wildlife is a part of the Sustainability Program for the University. Workstations and storage solutions are provided which addresses the need for furniture. Instead of offsite recycling or using transportation for sending furniture to the land-filling sites, the furniture are reused with the premises of the University. Staffs and students can make purchase of furniture for their personal use once in a month. Departments and staffs can meet team for reusing the furniture by taking an appointment from them. This provides a cost-effective and sustainable solution to the purchase of new furniture for office use. The University of Melbourne has adopted use of renewable energy and has undertaken several projects for effective management of energy. The University and Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC) have signed a $ 9.1 million agreement with to install Solar photovoltaic panel across 6 cities which will help in reducing footprints of carbon by 850 tonnes every year. The service life of these panels and inverters are more than 20 years and they will require minimum maintenance. The University has an objective to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030 and receives funding to continue projects of energy management (Christie et al., 2013). The University takes part actively in Water Cycle Management in Melbourne and has taken part to monitor the use of harvested water. The quality of water is improved and the University has taken initiative to reduce 20% reduction in Total Nitrogen by the year 2018. The University of Melbourne promotes the usage of cycle, public transport and walking to reduce use of energy. The University has 1800 spaces for parking of bicycles. The University of Melbourne has more than 58,000 students and these consumers ensure that Fair Trade is promoted and there is alleviation of poverty worldwide. Difference is made in the lives of farmers of the community. The mark of Fair Trade can provide guarantee the products meet standards of the environment and the economy. The University of Melbourne ensures that farmers can adopt better farming practices and coffee and chocolate with Fair Trade mark are available in the University campus (Sustainability in University of Melbourne, 2017). Thus while comparing the University of Melbourne with Auckland University of Technology, it can be understood that the AUT is doing quite well. While University of Melbourne addressed sustainability issues related to environment more that AUT, but Auckland University of Technology adopts principles of sustainability in areas of research, teaching and learning. The sustainability issues are well addressed by both the Universities to create value for stakeholders in the long run. Both the Universities contribute holistically towards meeting their respective goals of sustainability (Lozano et al., 2013). Assessment of National And International Criteria For Measuring Sustainability The United Nations has mentioned that the goals of Sustainability cant be met by government alone. The United Nations recognize the important role that the universities in Auckland, New- Zealand and the Pacific play to achieve goals of Sustainable Development Solutions Network. The national and international criteria for measuring sustainability are the contribution of an organization in the field of environment, economics and equity. According to me, the Auckland University of Technology is doing quite well as compared to other universities in the region to create a sustainable environment and economy in the Auckland, New Zealand and worldwide. The University does not focus on creating short-term profitability for shareholders but involves in creating value for stakeholders in the long run by implementing principles of sustainability in the areas of learning and teaching, operations and facility, partnership and community engagement, governance, leadership and staff and research and scholarship. These criteria for measuring sustainability are chosen over other criteria because these criteria measure the holistic approach of the Auckland University of Technology towards creating a sustainable environment, economy and equity. These criteria measure the roles that the Auckland University of Technology have towards making a significant contribution towards the people and planet of Auckland, New Zealand and worldwide so that the mixes of the Three Bottom-Line of Business are well balanced (Siemens, Dawson Lynch, 2013). Conclusion Thus it can be concluded that sustainability plays a vital role in todays world and the University makes significant contribution towards economy, equity and environment to create a sustainable world both locally and worldwide. The United Nations has suggested that the government cant work towards creating a sustainable world alone and the universities of the globe plays a role of paramount importance to create a sustainable environment. The Universities should have curriculum for students that makes them responsible citizens and enhances the knowledge, skills and abilities related to sustainability. Universities should promote cultures of sustainability in different areas like principles of learning and teaching, research projects, development of staff and facilities and day-to-day operational activities. It can be concluded that Auckland University of Technology contributes holistically towards creating a sustainable environment in Auckland, New Zealand and worldwide. Reference List Caeiro, S., Leal Filho, W., Jabbour, C., Azeiteiro, U. (2013).Sustainability assessment tools in higher education institutions: mapping trends and good practices around the world. Springer International Publishing. Ceulemans, K., Molderez, I., Van Liedekerke, L. (2015). Sustainability reporting in higher education: A comprehensive review of the recent literature and paths for further research.Journal of Cleaner Production,106, 127-143. Christie, B. A., Miller, K. K., Cooke, R., White, J. G. (2013). Civil-engineering sustainability in higher education: how do academics teach?.Environmental Education Research,19(3), 385-414. Cullingford, C., Blewitt, J. (2013).The sustainability curriculum: The challenge for higher education. Routledge. Hazelkorn, E. (2015).Rankings and the reshaping of higher education: The battle for world-class excellence. Springer. Lozano, R., Lozano, F. J., Mulder, K., Huisingh, D., Waas, T. (2013). Advancing higher education for sustainable development: international insights and critical reflections. Lozano, R., Lukman, R., Lozano, F. J., Huisingh, D., Lambrechts, W. (2013). Declarations for sustainability in higher education: becoming better leaders, through addressing the university system.Journal of Cleaner Production,48, 10-19. Siemens, G., Dawson, S., Lynch, G. (2013). Improving the quality and productivity of the higher education sector.Policy and Strategy for Systems-Level Deployment of Learning Analytics. Canberra, ACT: Society for Learning Analytics Research for the Australian Office for Learning and Teaching. Sterling, S., Huckle, J. (Eds.). (2014).Education for sustainability. Operations. Sustainability in AUT. (2017).aut.ac.nz. Retrieved 23 September 2017, from https://www.aut.ac.nz/about-aut/sustainability-at-aut Sustainability in University of Melbourne. (2017).sustainablecampus.unimelb.edu.au. Retrieved 23 September 2017, from https://sustainablecampus.unimelb.edu.au/ Vaughter, P., Wright, T., McKenzie, M., Lidstone, L. (2013). Greening the ivory tower: A review of educational research on sustainability in post-secondary education.Sustainability,5(5), 2252-2271.

Diana Ross Essays - Spanish West Indies, Age Of Discovery

Diana Ross Columbus Columbus. Christopher Columbus of Spain went to the king and queen to ask authorization for an expedition. He wanted to venture to the India. The New World, he believed, could be found by sailing west across the ocean. No one had ever sailed west before. The reason no one had done this before was because everyone believed that the world was flat. Columbus, on the other hand, believed that it was round. The movie 1492: Conquest of Paradise brings out the handout Privileges and Prerogatives Granted to Christopher Columbus. According to the handout, Columbus was to have complete control over whatever land he discovered. After his death, his heirs would inherit the land and take over control. Spain wanted to ensure that they would have power over whatever he discovered, and this was the way to do it. This was so in the movie as well. Columbus was to take gold back to Spain and to spread the word of God in the discovered land. In August of 1492, Columbus and his adventurers set out to fin d the New World with three ships, the Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria. They reached their destination in October of 1492. The island that they found was full of native people dressed in loincloths and caring speared sticks. They were very friendly for the time Columbus and his crew were there. The island was great, but what Columbus really wanted was to find the mainland of India. At any rate, they stayed for a while and when a man got sick, Columbus headed home. He took with him some gold from the New World. After a short stay in his homeland, Columbus returned to the New World. Upon reaching the island again, Columbus found something awful. The crew that he had left behind was dead. Columbus did not want to take revenge, but some of the crew did. He managed to hold them off for a while. The explorers built up the land on the island, adding a ringing bell and some buildings. Soon a battle broke out over the deaths of the crew left behind from the first voyage. Spain took contro l of the island away from Columbus. Of course, he was very upset because he had worked his whole life for this opportunity. Spain had broken their agreement with Columbus. They promised him all sorts of titles and the same for his heirs. He was supposed to become a Don and he was supposed to be able to choose whomever he wanted to run the island. When he chose his brothers, Spain had a problem with his decision. He discovered this New World and got no reward for it. In the movie, it did not seem like a waste for him because his memory of what happened and telling the story to his family reminded him of a happy time in his life. Sure, it would have been great to get what was promised to him by Spain, but the experience of it all was enough for him. Bibliography microsoft encarta Internet misc

The History of the Computer Game Spacewar

The History of the Computer Game Spacewar If I hadnt done it, someone wouldve done something equally exciting, if not better, in the next six months. I just happened to get there first. - Steve Russell aka Slug on inventing Spacewar. Steve Russell - Inventing of Spacewar It was in 1962 when a young computer programmer from MIT named  Steve Russell, fueled with inspiration from the writings of E. E. Doc Smith, led the team  that created the first popular computer game. Starwar was almost the first computer game ever written. However, there were at least two far-lesser-known predecessors: OXO (1952) and Tennis for Two (1958). It took the team about 200 man-hours to write the first version of Spacewar.  Russell wrote Spacewar on a PDP-1, an early DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation) interactive mini computer which used a cathode-ray tube type display and keyboard input. The computer was donated to MIT from DEC, who hoped MITs think tank would be able to do something remarkable with their product. A computer game called Spacewar was the last thing DEC expected but they later provided the game as a diagnostic program for their customers. Russell never profited from Spacewars. Description The PDP-1s operating system was the first to allow multiple users to share the computer simultaneously. This was perfect for playing Spacewar, which was a two-player game involving warring spaceships firing photon torpedoes. Each player could maneuver a spaceship and score by firing missiles at his opponent while avoiding the gravitational pull of the sun. Try playing a replica of the computer game for yourselves. It still holds today up as a great way to waste a few hours. By the mid-sixties, when computer time was still very expensive, Spacewar could be found on nearly every research computer in the country. Influence on Nolan Bushnell Russell transferred to Stanford University, where he introduced computer game programming and Spacewar to an engineering student named Nolan Bushnell. Bushnell went on to write the first coin-operated computer arcade game and start Atari Computers. An interesting sidenote is that Doc Smith, besides being a great science fiction writer, held a Ph.D. in chemical engineering and was the researcher who figured out how to get powdered sugar to stick to doughnuts. Spacewar! was conceived in 1961 by Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen. It was first realized on the PDP-1 in 1962 by Steve Russell, Peter Samson, Dan Edwards and Martin Graetz, together with Alan Kotok, Steve Piner and Robert A. Saunders. Try playing a replica of the computer game for yourselves. It still holds today up as a great way to waste a few hours: Spacewar Online - The original 1962 game code runs on PDP-1 emulator in Java.Play Spacewar - The a, s, d, f keys control one of the spaceships. The k, l, ;, keys control the other. The controls are spin one way, spin the other, thrust, and fire. Steve Russell is a computer scientist who led the team that invented Spacewar in 1962, one of the first games ever written for the computer. Steve Russell - Other Achievements Steve Russell also contributed to the IBM 704, which was a 1956 upgrade of the 701. Steve Russell - Background Steve Russell was educated at Dartmouth College from 1954 to 1958.

Pharmacology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pharmacology - Case Study Example These include: fatigue, insomnia, increased appetite, anxiety and worry, melancholy and poor concentration among others. A medical work-up has to be conducted to check for organic causes that are underlying. This should encompass a complete performance of physical examination. The laboratory test for an individual presenting with depression symptoms should be designed in a way that rules out medical conditions which can cause depression. A hematological profile with differential must be obtained to check for signs of anaemia or infection. Potential abnormalities such as liver function and electrolyte panel tests are indicated for evaluation of potential metabolic abnormalities for instance, thyroid, kidney disorders and renal dysfunction (Richard, 2012). Depression may also be a result of substance abuse, and thus a drug screen may be indicated for commonly abused substances. Many of the prescription medications such as anticonvulsants, corticosteroids and some antibiotics have been depression-associated. According to the symptoms that GF has presented, she could be suffering from dysthymic disorder. GF has symptoms such as fatigue, overeating, low self-esteem, hopelessness and poor concentration. There are generalized anxiety disorder associated with anxiety, worry, fatigue, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, muscle tension, sleep disturbance and irritability (Erick, 2014). Treatment for worry or anxiety involves both pharmaceutical and psychotherapy treatments. The most efficacious kind of therapy for treatment of depression is cognitive-behavioral therapy. This therapy is short-term and incorporates self-empowerment and self-help philosophy. This therapy form encompasses techniques such as substitution of negative for positive thoughts and blocking negative thoughts from developing while taking credit for optimism and encouraging more

Annotated Bibliography on The Obama administration's policy lifting

On The Obama administration's policy lifting the prohibition of women from serving in combat roles - Annotated Bibliography Example It further displays their immense roles calling for a redefinition of women roles in ground combats. Davis, Robert et al. "This research was sponsored by the National Institute of Justice and was conducted in the RAND Center on Quality Policing within the Safety and Justice Program of RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment." (2011). this is a research paper that was conducted by the national institute of justice at the RAND center to access the quality of decisions that are often made by the executive organs in various organizations. In view of the ban the paper reviews its suitability an applicability bearing in mind the delicate nature of women serving in ground combats. The paper shows concern on safety upon implementation of such policies. In addition, the paper undertakes a review to ascertain implementation policies that have so far been passed such as the 1990’s ban on women flying in combat and serving in war ships. Miller, Laura et al. The Extent of Restrictions on the Service of Active-Component Military Women; Rand National Defense Research Institute: Santa Monica, 2012. This is a review by the Rand Defense Research Institute. The paper investigates the harm that a restriction on women serving in combat positions affects the entire military operations. The paper argues that although restriction of women can yield better results, it can as well yield poor results since some women are more talented in ground combat more than their male counterparts. It further stresses that when women are accepted to work in a free environment they are more likely to have their military experience boosted. Skein, Rosemarie. Women in Combat: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2011. This is a handbook that outlines proposals and measures that should be put in place to ensure fair participation of women service in combat positions in the military. In this regard, the paper bases its arguments on the ban

Police Corruption Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Police Corruption - Research Paper Example ainly due to what is known as the â€Å"blue code of silence.† This code of silence is the unwritten code by which police believe that it is better to not report unethical and criminal conduct by ones’ police brethren for a variety of reasons. Some of the reasons are that the police feel a sense of solidarity with one another, a sense of kinship and brotherhood, and this makes it difficult to report a fellow officer. Other reasons are that the culture of individual police forces encourages this silence by tacitly instilling, from the first day of training, the importance of developing this code of silence. Another reason is that police see one another as all dealing with the same level of corrupt citizenry, with breeds sympathy with one another and distrust of the citizens, which also makes it less likely to report misbehavior – the citizen probably â€Å"had it coming.† Still another reason is that there is a sense of fear that is instilled into the offic ers, as officers see whistle-blowers suffering social, psychological and career consequences from their willingness to report, and these officers do not want the same to happen to them. Consequently, it is difficult to measure the level of corruption, because police are not likely to report each other. It is further difficult to measure the level of corruption, due to the fact that individual police forces are reluctant to report corruption within their ranks, because the citizens put pressure on corrupt forces, which makes it more difficult to do their jobs. That said, corruption has been investigated and there has been successful policing of the police by independent agencies that gather knowledge about the forces and are able to use this knowledge to obtain convictions against police who engage in criminal behavior. Police corruption can run the gamut, from accepting gifts and gratuities, to using excessive force or drinking on the job. Wright (2010) has classified the types of corruptions that can