Case Study 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case Study 1 - Essay ExampleThe Nissan Motors Co., Ltd, operates in the retail automotive industry. Its core business is the manufacturing, sales and distribution of automotive products and marine related equipment and parts. The company is in like manner involved in provision of pecuniary and other(a) support services in the motor industry. fit in to the 2012 financial report, the company had an annual sales turnover of 9,409.0 billion (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd, 2012 P6). The Nissan alliance Ltd has played a significant role in the general Indonesian economy. The company employs approximately 157,365 full-time employees annually in its globose market with 10% coming from Indonesia. The company has also contributed significantly to the automotive industry, which accounts for 48% of the home(a) GDP of Indonesian economy (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd, 2012 p13).Planning is very important for the lantern success of the company. According to the 2012 financial report, Nissan Company has ide ntified various issues that call for strategic interventions. The company is operating under a mid-term computer programme termed as NISSAN POWER 88 in the financial year 2011 to 2016. Under this plan, the company hopes to remediate customer-driving experience, improve the power of the Nissan Brand and ultimately raise the quality of the Nissan car. With this plan, the company hopes to increase its share in the global market and also raise its operating income (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd, 2012 p17). In order to achieve this short-term plan, the Nissan Company has identified a number of strategies and tactics identified belowThe company has established strategic alliances and compact with other companies. The most successful alliance has been with Renault Company this alliance was established in the year 1999. The other key strategic alliance was with Daimler AG Company that was established with the intension of sharing production applied science (Interbrand, 2013

Air vs Freight forum 352 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Air vs Freight forum 352 - Essay ExampleAirfreight carries comparatively less weight (Luger, 2008). dependableness also plays a vital role in this comparison. Despite having a short history, Airfreight wins this battle of dependability comfortably. Weather conditions delay flights but airfreight companies are usually more responsible and efficient in discussion the situation and making up for the delays. On the other hand the shipping companies also get off-track imputable to weather and storms but shipping companies are not very good at making up for the delay. The route can also play a deciding factor in making this conclusiveness and a combination of both air and sea fright might be the best choice. For casing a shipment from Hong Kong to Sharjah and from Sharjah to capital of Kentucky is divided into two parts Hong Kong to Sharjah is done by sea and from Sharjah to Frankfurt by air, this way the transportation costs are reduced by 50% when going from nautical freight and th e time is cut by 75% compared to only using an ocean freight (Branch, 2007). The environmental impact should also be considered before choosing the route. The carbon fingerprint of Airfreight is much higher than oceanfreight (Bretzke & Barkawi, 2012). Considering this factor it becomes relatively easier to decide that it is not always about the cost because the damage to the environment is almost

Personal Statement on Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Statement on Education - Essay ExampleOne of the most horizontaltful lessons I learned during my educational years is the integration of practical and theoretical knowledge. With this kind of perspective, I managed to twine learning and development of my character. As Martin Luther King suggests, the goal of confessedly education is the combination of intelligence and character. word of honor is our ability to gain knowledge and to learn the theoretical information given through school. Character is our individualised attitude, perspective, behavior, especially towards other people. It is the way we interact and communicate with other people, whether face to face or not. I agree with Kings perspective much or less true education. Education is not solely just about the theories or knowledge we gain from studying. The intelligence that we develop through our years in school essential be combined with the character we developed through the years, as well. For me, ed ucation is not merely about learning the theoretical information offered by our professors and the books we are reading. It is the foundation of learning and personal development. It is not merely memorizing or stocking information in our minds, rather, it is supposed to be our guide in being able to designate intensively, littlely and creatively. That is the reason colleges do not spoonfeed information, rather, our mentors find ways to force us to infer intensively, such as in essay exams, oral exams or even just the finals. Because of our schooling, our formal education, we commence equipped not only with knowledge alone also a critical way of commending, which is more essential in facing the hard reality of life once we leave school. We should always recollect that it is not always knowledge that will be the basis of our success, rather it is the way we use this knowledge. And so, I strongly agree with King that the goal of true education is the combination of intelligence and character. What is the use of intelligence when we dont have the right character or attitude in life. Thus, this points to what true education is. It is essentially how we put into practice what we have learned through our formal education. It is to strengthen our character base on what we learned and believe in through everything we have gathered through our formal education. That is what true education should bring, not merely information but intelligence and character into one. I realized this even more when I was put in a place wherein I accept to practice critical thinking, which is practically what I have been doing in school. It was a choice of what school to go into. I need to determine the pros and cons of leaving one school for the other. The decision I made was not just because of what I know about the school, rather it was about what I believe in. It was more about how I think the school will help me in developing not only my knowledge about things but also my cha racter.

Answer two questions about European history Essay - 1

Answer two questions about European history - Essay ExampleNATO was meant to prevent the Soviet Aggression on the European continent, as distinctly seen in its adoption of the massive retaliation military doctrine in the 1950s. Therefore, NATO was primarily created to in reaction to the Cold War crisis that was developing at that time. From a different perspective, the treaty was meant to suppress the Germans, deter the Russian aggression and keep the Americans in.To date, the core function of NATO is to ensure that autonomies and gage of member states are protected victimisation political and military measures (Gray, 2008). Politically, the alliance works to ensure promotion of values of democracy as tumesce as encouraging consultation and cooperation on matters of security and defense in order to establish self-assertion hence prevent disputes. In addition, the alliance provides an opportunity for the member states to carry out consultations and make decisions on security matt ers at all stages and in various fields. In case of failure of diplomatic efforts in conflict resolution, NATO can carry out military operations to manage that particular crisis.The future fiber of NATO should be focusing on its political approach for peace promotion and conflict resolution quite than the martial approach. In the wake of terrorist movements, there is need for the organization to work hard for promotion of representative values around the world. Otherwise it may not have a role in security and promotion of democracy in this era of new wars.The European Union (EU) is the political and economic bolc of 28 European states whose members of parliament serve a five years term before seeking re-election (Hix & Hoyland , 2011). Politically, the EU has its citizens who take part in electing members of the unions parliament every five years whereas on the economic side, the union has developed a single market for all

Health Science and Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health Science and Medicine - Essay ExampleFrom this discussion it is clear thatthere be various features present in the patient engagement applications available. For one, all these patient engagement applications offer aesculapian tips and advice. This information helps the patients learn more close various diseases. The advice given on these applications helps the patients manage how to manage cross diseases. The other feature is that these application offer platform for the patients to give their feedback to the hospital or ask every questions.This study highlights thatpatient education is one of the most important factors when it comes to ensuring that their health is made a priority. Patients who substantiate been empowered with knowledge will be able to spot any problems in their health, signs and symptoms of various ailments. The patients be going to be more responsible in matters concerning their health and when the symptoms persist, they will understand when it is a essential to see a doctor. It is for this reason that there are Patient Engagement programs set up by hospitals so that the patients can learn more. Through patients learning more about different ailments, they will in addition make it easier for the doctor handling them. They have an interactive platform to ask any questions and give feedback to the hospitals about their services and areas that may need improvement on.One of the patient engagement programs is the Kaiser Permanentes HealthConnect program. This program utilize a registry and support program that offers electronic care.

Portfolio Management (Masraf Al-rayyan) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Portfolio Management (Masraf Al-rayyan) - Essay Example there is another(prenominal) section called wholesale shoreing still offered by the bank. This section offers advisory services. It also offers financing products. They offer backup finance which is meant to meet the requirements of small enterprises. (Writers 27)This bank was offered a license to carry brokerage services in the year 2011. This license came from the Qatar Financial Markets in Doha. The Qatar Financial Market was founded in 2011 by the Masraf Al Rayan bank. It was marked as a fully independent body in the same year. Its paid up bang-up was 50 million QAR. The Masraf Al Rayan is a fast growing bank. By 2013 it had 11 branches all oer Qatar and a total of 52 cash points or Automated Teller Machines. (Writers 29)Masraf Al Rayan has its mission and vision. The vision states, It is to be a leading and innovative international Islamic pecuniary institution, specialized in providing sharia law compliant products a nd services. The bank is owned mostly by the public as they have to a greater extent voices holding since they have a 55% subscription in total. The rest of the 45% has been contributed by the founders of the bank (Times 78). The share capital is QAR 7,500,000,000. This amount is divided into shares. The shares are 750,000,000 in cash with a nominal value of QAR10 per share. (Writers 30)There are no big differences in the current ratio and Quick Ratio as seen in the figures. This shows that the accounts are stable. The highest ratio is in 2010 and lowest in 2009 at 0.9% and 0.33% respectively (Writers 27).According to the figures the bank is doing well. When the bank liquidates the assets they use the ratio to calculate amount of money for each stakeholder. It keeps on increasing from 2009 t0 2013 (Times 80).This ratio gives the financial stability of the company by giving the money left after comparing revenues to goods sold. The ratio is highest in 2013 at 15.5% and lowest in 201 0 at 12.6% as seen in the table. (Writers 26)Stock

Comparison and Contrast (Point by Point) exactly four points Essay

Comparison and Contrast (Point by Point) simply four points - Essay ExampleThis paper will discuss how men and women shop for essentials, how they treat shop as relaxation or socialization and what they consider important when buying things.Women have been dubbed as unrestrained because of their role in the household. As the gender which was predominantly thought of as housekeepers and child caregivers, women went to the grocery interject more(prenominal) often than men. They would figure about everybodys take and they buy everything that the whole household need (Brennan). This spares the men from going to the market or the mall. When men need to buy their own essentials, they would seldom think about the other members of the family so that they are often focused on one de variancement when they go shopping, making them stay for a shorter period of time compared to women. On the contrary, women often shop their own needs including the needs of other loved ones so that they wo uld need to go to the ladies department, childrens wears, mens apparel as well as the groceries in just one shopping spree. This means that norms demanded women to shop more than men, buying almost everybodys needs while men would sometimes go shopping provided non for everybody.Meanwhile, feminism and modernization brought changes not only in family arrangements but how men act as consumers as well. According to Todd Hale, senior vice president of the Nielsen Company, men (are) facing higher unemployment than women (therefore) they are pickings a more active role in household duties. Nevertheless, statistics show that the spending of males in 2004 has not changed much in 2010 although there is a slight increase in the number of male consumers in dollar, supercenter, grocery and other products. This strengthens the point made earlier that the role of women as housekeepers makes shopping a part of their daily business and therefore they

Post-War Evolution of The Aircraft Manufacturing Industry Case Study - 1

Post-War Evolution of The Aircraft Manufacturing Industry - Case Study ExampleThe speed was take in both the military and commercial spouts. The piston locomotive engine was improved into a powered engine that could propel the grand at a speed higher than that of sound. The jet engine is based on Newtons law of motion. The reactor in engine generates thrust through propulsion that makes the jet to move very fast. This was a very great milestone to the jet evolvement. Throughout the development of aircraft engine, engineers set about the challenges of trial and error where they overlooked some of the key aspects that they had to review.The new jets with high power engines lacked hydraulic outflow control systems that were very important in a flight, air conditioning and ejection seats among others. Engineers had to stick to up with other models that would accommodate new modifications for a stable flight. The engineers wanted to make a jet that could easily maneuver on air. Du ring this period, many different jets became obsolete before they made the great aim due to the trial and error.After World War II, the engineers decided to improve the reliability of the aircraft that could be utilise for both military and commercial purposes. They wanted a jet that can fly under harsh weather conditions without losing its stability. To achieve this engineers spend lots of time to perfect on the high power engines. in that respect was also the challenge of do the engine power without increasing its weight. The bigger the engine, the more powerful it is. The engineers had to conduct the effective materials that would make a big, reliable and light engineThe engineers also faced the challenge of making an engine that will be economical in fuel consumption. With time, the engineers came up with an engine that could propel the carpenters plane across the ocean with less fuel than what the piston engine consumed (Albert and Army War College, 1997). The developmen t of this engine had a very great social impact on the people.

Human trafficking in Turkey Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Human trafficking in Turkey - Term Paper ExampleThey are usually brought by force or allure to the land of opportunities, that is, USA, European nations and Canada. In current times, world trafficking is considered to be an organizational and administrative concern. It has become precedence for those working in many other strategic areas such as valet rights, health, gender, law enforcement, and community services. The organization formed by European Union conference on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings, held in Brussels from 18-20 September 2002, is an instance of the increasing political concern for storming human trafficking (BRUSSELS DECLARATION ON PREVENTING AND COMBATINGTRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS, n.d.). Over the recent past, Turkey has been witnessing a significant enigma of human trafficking, which in fact is an international concern. This issue is related with irregular ad illegal migration. The beside regions of Turkey defend been affected by poli tical turmoil and conflicts due to which the people have been fill up in Turkey from these lands to ensure a better living, protection from harassment and safety. Instances of civil wars and conflicts taking position in the Middle East, Balkan and Caucasus lands have urged such mobility. The nation has therefore become a final cast aside ground of trafficked women and children for sexual exploitation and workforce. ... The first section focuses on the context of the task providing some statistical evidence on the incidence of trafficking along with cases and evidence involving women and children. In a nutshell this section provides an impression of the retentive problem in the nation with an insight into the severity of the issue. This part leave behind logically analyze wherefore human trafficking has become a problem for the society, especially in Turkey. The second part brings out what policies and measures have already been adopted by Turkey and an assessment of the exis ting policies with respect to their ability to address the problem. This reveals the actions undertaken by the NGOs. It covers the scope of the issue both within and outside the Criminal Justice System. The section depart similarly highlight the actions being adopted in the international scenario towards resolving the problem. The third section will discuss what the nation of Turkey and the other countries across the world are doing in order to combat the problem. This reveals some policies undertaken at micro level and in the operational departments. This section highlights the policies with respect to employment, economy, education and crush practices of other nations, which could be applicable in Turkey to resolve the problem of human trafficking. The section also projects some recommendations to suggest Turkeys next best steps those can be adopted for a better future with respect to the problem of human trafficking. Social Relevance and severity of the problem Turkey connects Asia and Europe and hence plays as a transit and also a target for human trafficking victims. The cities of Istanbul, Izmir and Trabzon are the most popular destinations for victims of

Assignment 1 Behaviour in Organisations - Analysis of The Amazing Essay

Assignment 1 Behaviour in Organisations - Analysis of The dreaded World of mutant case study - Essay ExampleA specific problem with a new habitat zone head, Krista Katz, will be highlighted and her relationship with AWFs Maintenance Crew. Suggestions for realistic improvements to the management power structure in the park will also be discussed in this project.At The Amazing World of Fun theme park, most of the senior-level decision-making is carried out by Eric and George Pinter who act as the Vice Presidents of AWF. Eric Pinter is the Vice President of Wildlife and conservation (W & C), with direct responsibility for directing the management of all W & C staff including Species Specialists and Animal Assistants. George Pinter is the technical Vice President and acts as director of five Habitat Zone Heads and deals with the Hospitality Crew, Maintenance Crew, and the roll of AWF (who interact with the customers). Board member Amy Rockbridge, reporting to George, has management jurisdiction of the Maintenance Staff (part of Estates), a crowd made up primarily of skilled craftsmen who are responsible for the technical upkeep of the theme park.Among Eric Pinters responsibilities is ensuring the in effect(p) operation of the Mammals, Birds, Marine, and Reptiles division of Wildlife and Conservation. Species specialists and senior animal scientists from the Wetland Zone report right off to the Zone Heads, but nookie call upon Eric for area conflicts needing senior-level advisement, since Wetland Wilderness is linked to W & C. The appointed Zone Head of Wetland Wilderness is Krista Katz, who reports directly to George Pinter.In July of 2000, problems began to erupt in the management structure of AWF in regards to the Zone Head of Wetland Wilderness, Krista Katz. Krista was appointed to her couch by George, who had recently left Disneyland Paris to help make Wetland Wilderness a profitable clientele success. Kristas strategic goal was toimprove the efficie ncy and operations of Wetland Wilderness and it

Observation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Observation - Research Paper ExampleThe backup worked as a front desk agent at the hotel where she had the mandate of conducting various duties exchangeable checking the rooms line during their late shift.Indeed, the partner checked in nodes, took their reservations, and checked them out. She welcomed the guests in a very courteous and accommodative manner by introducing herself first and answering all the questions asked by the guests about the hotel services. The hotel recorded only quadruplet bookings in a span of two hours starting 11 PM up to 100 AM. The attendant seemed very in variety showed about the hotels facilities, amenities, layout and the surrounding environment as well as their loyal customers. We celebrated that the attendant had a set of questions, which she asked every guest. The questions included the size of the room preferred by the guest, the date that the guest intends to stay at the hotel and the type of the bed preferred. The information was then rec orded into the system and a receipt of payment was issued to the guests. Finally, the reception attendant thanked the guests and encouraged them to feel free to ask for any form of assistance.The front desk is spacious enough and hence there is no congestion when the guests are checking in. The attendant served the guests on a first come first served basis. The attendant was in a uniform and hence the guests could say them from the other people. She welcomed and acknowledged all guests with the Fairfield Inn culture of efficient guest service. She engaged each guest and listened to his or her requests attentively. We observed that the attendant were very courteous, accommodating and fast. The attendant escorted the guests and introduced small talks, which included some questions like how were his trip, whether he has been to California again, and the most beautiful things about California. On arriving at the suite, the attendant opened the door, took in the luggage,

Zimbabwes economy in the past years and now Essay - 1

Zimbabwes rescue in the past years and now - Essay ExampleThis research will begin with the argumentation that during the past few decades Zimbabwe has faced major(ip) political and economic problems that have contributed to an almost dual interpret negative growth in her economy. These factors have also contributed to an enormous rise in inflation, disregard of the radiation diagram of law and market breakdown. The countrys GDP has been a victim of decline since 1990. According to the macro economic figures researched by IMF in 2008, Zimbabwes GDP dropped from 7 % in 1990 to negative 6 % in 2007. This negative growth can be attributed to adverse weather conditions which led to the worst decline of negative 10 % GDP growth in 2003 which was a contribution of a major drought that was witnessed in 2003. These figures have however shown an encouraging growth since 2003. Currently, three major problems face Zimbabwes economy notably scarcity of food, less fuel delivery, and power lo ad-shedding as a result investors shy away. It is worth noting that the major cause of these problems dates back to the era where the countrys commercial farms were nationalized. Nationalization of commercial farms has seen its effect on a reduced export earnings and low food production. This means the country has to cater for expenses on an importation of food and consequently reduced earning in foreign currencies. In addition, foreign banks and donors withdrawal of fiscal aid, as well as credits, has worsened the state of the economy in Zimbabwe.

Ozone hole Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Ozone repair - Essay ExampleThis grade does absorb 97 percent to 99 percent of the high-frequency ultraviolet escaped of the sun which can be possibly destructive to the life on earth. More that 90 percent of the ozone within the earths atmosphere is existing here comparatively high meaning several parts/million- considerably high than concentrations within the lower atmosphere, however, still lesser compared to the key atmospheric components. Its location is approximately 15 to 35 km above the pop out of the earth in the hemispheres lower portion (Charles, 2014). This thickness varies geographically as well as seasonally.As mentioned earlier, prevents disastrous destruction of the life on earth through with(predicate) assiduity of the harmful incoming suns ultraviolet (UV) potion hence minimizing this lights amount that reaches the surface of the earth (Paul, 2009). Such natural sunlight buffering is quite advantageous since the ultraviolet light of high slide fastener is ca pable of penetrating uppermost skin layers.as a result, mobile phones might end up damaged which is explained through sunburn as well as more threateningly, genetic material which resides within every cell (DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid) destruction. Damage of some DNA within skin cells by such ultraviolet light is associated with certain cancers development.Observation of the ozone hall has for a long time been done with great seriousness. Images of satellite abide observers the ozones every day images over Antarctic region (Enviromental Protection Agency, 2010). The winter population of gentlemans gentleman of the Antarctic comprise of researchers in several hundreds. These researchers get protection from the UV light which has increased from affectionate winter clothing, hence the ozone layer health effect concerns are minimal. The ozone holes existence as well as its increased size through 1990s up till 2006, the time when this hole was ever largest recorded, has come to be a great concern for researchers who study human activity

Tom Clancy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

turkey cock Clancy - Essay Exampletom turkey Clancy is something else again. The flap jacket of Tom Clancys first successful playscript, The Hunt for Red October, contains this anecdote He has had a private chat with President Reagan, and lunched with the White House staff. His maiden new was a top marketer at the Pentagon. Yet the author is neither a former intelligence nor a naval officer. Rather, Tom Clancy is an insurance broker from a small town in Maryland whose only previously create writing was a letter to the editor and a three-page article roughly the MX missile. He eternally wanted to write a suspicion novel, and a newspaper article about a sedition on a Soviet frigate gave him the initial idea for Red October. He did extensive research about Soviet-American naval strategies and submarine technology. Then in the time he could sp ar from his insurance business, Clancy sat fell at his typewriter and wrote. The rest is history.This insurance man with very little wri ting experience invented the techno-thriller genre, a mark of military, spy, political and perplexity thrillers which became part of popular American culture 20 years later (Greenberg, M., 1992). Clancys suspense thrillers are political intrigues mixed with rich details of modern military technology, which are focused on the Cold War and take a grim view of the former Soviet Union. This struck a responsive chord among political conservatives. These novels are also distinguished by the intricacies of their plots, attention to detail, and technical true statement in military and intelligence topics (Wikipedia). An amazing achievement for one who never had any training in intelligence or military affairs, which gives his popularity a dimension bigger than that of all the best-selling authors combined who are known to boast some previous expertise in the fields they are writing on. As a result of the immense popularity of Clancys books, he became the only author in history whose wor ks have been branded, a new publishing phenomenon in which other authors publish books using his name to ensure alert sales. These publishing ventures are called Apostrophe Books as in Tom Clancys Op-Center with Steve Pieczenik. (Britannica.com)Tom Clancys initial attempt at novel writing, The Hunt for Red October, was modeled after authors he admired most. These include the British masters of suspense and spy thrillers - Frederick Forsyth, John le Carre, Alistair MacLean and Len Deighton. Martin Greenberg, who collaborated with Clancy on his Mirror Image series, recalls that Clancy worked on the novel from November 11, 1982 to February 23, 1983, or inwardly a space of only three months. The novel concerns a prolonged sea chase involving advanced submarines so he referred it to the Naval calf love Institute, hoping to obtain the stamp of authenticity that he doubted from the start. As Clancy feared at the time, his knowledge of submarine technology and weaponry was found wanting in places by the Naval Press Institute. Thus, the manuscript was returned to him three weeks later, full of suggested rewrites. Clancy dutifully did the rewrites, learning from that experience as he did so. In November 1983, quondam(prenominal) after Clancy brought back the revised manuscript to the Naval Press Institute, the institute was impressed enough to incur an offer to publish it on a $3,000 deal with the first-time author. The institute had never published a book before and it was a measly contract by industry standard, but Clancy

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 60

merchandise - Essay ExampleOne of the basic underlying concept of public apprisal is that maintaining a rectify relation always help the union achieve sustainable competitive advantage and the relation roll in the hay be converted to customer loyalty as well. It is because a public is any group that has an true as well as potential interest in the company and is able to impact companys ability to achieve its objectives (Kotler and Keller, p. 593).Normally, there is public relation department or management who is responsible to take necessary steps to manage successful relations with the main public groups. The public relation department is to monitor the attitudes of the public it targets and thus distribute brand and other relevant messages and communication with a view to hold a competitive edge in brand loyalty as well. The major(ip) public relations functions are detailed below1- Press Relation or Press authorisation The Public relation department is expected to create an d place all the news programworthy info, news, events etc in the news media. This helps the company maintain a long-term reputability of the company among its public. Some of the companies pass most of the information regarding their special events, programs and other activities to press, for instance, and consumers and other publics get updated when they see the news. For instance, press release of CSR and other news of apple Inc, Nokia inc and so on.2- Product Publicity The public relation management will be engaged in publicizing the information regarding the product or service the markets to its customers. The main public group being targeted for this is customers.4- Investor traffic Shareholders are most important public groups and maintaining a better relationship with them is critical to companys financial strength. The Public relation department is to maintain relationship with the shareholders and for this purpose they will always be updated with company information thr ough mails,

Self Disclosure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Self Disclosure - Essay ExampleSelf revealing is a major decision on the part of the personal as its sharing is liable to catch up with the person vulnerable. There are different types of situation that may warrant self disclosure of underground information. According to Fisher, an eminent psychologist, Pick someone you merchantman trust... Try to gain enough understanding and objectivity that you can then develop a strategy for further disclosure (Fisher, 1994). The most important is the sharing of informal details of ones personal health and family history with the physician or doctors or counselors who need the information to advert the medical illness. Patients afflicted with HIV/AIDS, mental illnesses, substance abuse and other sexual diseases, generally do not prefer to share this information with heir friends and relatives for fear of being treated as hearty pariahs. The social stigmas attached with the diseases makes bulk wary of sharing this vital information which is not only wicked for the person concerned but it also threatens the well being of the deal associated with it. It is therefore, important that such people disclose this information with their friends so that both of them can take appropriate precautions while maintaining their relationship.Another study where self disclosure becomes important is the marriage or part... only if it is equally true that self disclosure is not risk proof and may become counter productive and adversely effect the relations. But overall, self disclosure, within the marital relationship, is considered to be a bonding factor and encourages trust building that helps control their differences.The advent of internet has redefined the communication and has become one the most powerful tools of information. While easy glide path to information through internet has been hailed as the most radical process of dissemination of information, the lack of in effect(p) control over the same has become a cause o f great concern with the increasing cases of mixture of cyber crimes. Identity theft and identity fraud are cyber crimes that have serious repercussions on the society as peoples identity and their confidential information is used by the cyber criminal to committed different types of illegal activities. Hence, prudence is self disclosure is advisable.ConclusionOne can therefore conclude that self disclosure that leads to sharing of personal information amongst the friends and acquaintances is not always a straight option and might involve huge adverse ramifications for the person. The self disclosure of confidential information makes people susceptible to blackmail by vested interests and people must use their discretion and divulge information that is necessary and pertains to the issue in question.ReferenceFisher, D. (1994). A psychiatrists gradual disclosure. New York State, Office of Mental Health, OMH News, 6(9), 16. Available from Accessed 19 February,

Nepal Essay Essay Example for Free

Nepal Essay EssayIntroductionI am doing my report on a country by the name of Nepal. The formal name is The Kingdom of Nepal. The term for citizens is Nepalese. The capital of Nepal is Katmandu. Nepal became independent in 1768 when a number of independent agglomerate states were unified by Prithri Narayan Shah as the Kingdom of Gorkha. The bea of Nepal is 56,827 satisfying miles. Its nation according to the 1991 census was 18,462, 081. Nepal is located between China and India.PopulationThe approximately recent schooling about Nepals macrocosm is in the year of 1994. It was an estimate of about 20,000,000. At this time the average family was do up of 5.9 persons, and the brio expectancy was about 50 years. About 70 portion of the come in population was of working age, or between the ages of fifteen and fifty-nine years of age. Nearly 44 percent of the population is in the Terai Region, 48 percent in the Mountain Region. In 1981 the capital, Katmandu , had a population of 235,160. governmentNepal has a constitutional monarchy government. The multiparty democracy established along with the November 1990 constitution which replaced the panchayat system.EducationThe education system has expanded rapidly since 1951. Right now there are elementary and high schools found in most areas of the country. Tribharan University was established in 1961 to serve as the hub of a higher education system.The literacy rate is unagitated only an estimated fifteen percent, with most of the literate population concentrated in Katmandu Valley and in the Terai.Language In Nepal there are numerous languages spoken which is a problem because they do non belong to the same family group. The most common and national language , Nepali, stems form the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo European family.Nepali is spoken by 60 percent of the population. A second category of languages in Nepal is the Tibeto- Burman languages, of which the most common are Newer, Magarkura, Gurangkura , Karin and Limbuani.Religion and SocietyReligion occupies an integral position in Nepalese life and society. The main religion in Nepal is Hinduism , but much of the population follows an unorthodox Buddhism strongly affected by mixtures of Hinduism. The fact that Hindus worship in Buddhist temples and Buddhists worship in Hindus temples has been one of the main reasons followers of the twain dominate groups in Nepal have never engaged in any conflicts. Because of such dual reliance practices the differences between Hindus and Buddhists have been generally in nature. In 1991 about 89.5 percent of the Nepalese people indenified themselves as Hindus. Buddhists and Muslims occupied only 5.3 and 2.7 percent. The remainder religion is Christianity.At l tocopherol 87 percent of the population in every region is made of Hindus.Buddhists are mostly found in the Eastern Hills, the Katmandu Valley, and the exchange Terai, in each area about 10 percent of the people were Buddhist.Terai The Terai region of Nepal is a low, plentiful alluvial plain, in effect the northern extrusion of the Ganges plain. It is 20 miles wide at its broadest acme and extends over most of the southern edge. North of this, bordering the forests of the Bhabar and Chria Hills, the Terai is marshy and malaria is endemic. A green belt of excellent forest parallels or dense elephant grass growing to a height of 15 feet.Climate The climate is chairman only in the mountain valleys, about 5,000 feet above sea level. The rest of Nepal is either extremely hot, as in the Terai, climate changes sharply with elevation. In the Himalayas, exposure to the sun and to rain-bearing winds produce complex patterns of local climates. average temperatures in the Katmandu Valley range form 50 degrees in January to 78 degrees in July. pelting mainlyoccurs between June and September. The dry season is November to January.Agriculture About 90 percent of Nepals working deplume is directly engaged in agricultural pu rsuits. Arable land is at 30 percent of the original land area, of which 60 percent is classified as suitable for wet cultivation and 30 percent for dry cultivation. The main crops are rice, corn, millet, wheat, sugarcane, tobacco, fruits, and vegetables.Rice is grown in the Teria, Katmandu Valley , and the lower hill area. Corn and millet are the main crops at higher altitudes , which is about 6,000 feet above sea level.Annual rainfall Fire climate zones based on altitude range from subtropical in the South, to cool summers and fearsome winters in the North. The annual rainfall depends on a monsoon cycle which provides 60 to 80 percent of the total rainfall. The Eastern part of the country get the most with 2,500 millimeters. The Katmandu averages around 1,420 millimeters. And Western Nepal gets around 1,000 millimeters.Himalayans The Himalayans are what Nepal is known for. The Himalayans were formed about 60 million years ago, When the earths continents were still forming, a pa rt of east Africa broke loose and began to driff slowly northward. When it rammed into Asia , the force of the collision caused the land to crumple up into a colossal mountain range. More than 1,000 miles long and hundreds of miles wide. This system contains some of the highest mountains in the world. The most famous of these is Mount Everest.BibliographyNorton, quill B., and Joseph J. Esposito. Nepal. Encyclopedia Britanica. 1995.Boehm, Richard G. World Geography. Westerville The McGraw-Hill.1997.

Human Rights and World Wide Web Essay Example for Free

Human Rights and innovation ample Web EssayThese findings l terminal support to interrogation showing a damaging correlation between corporeal hearty responsibility and profitability. Introduction We argon witness to the metamorphosis of late capitalism, the interpenetration of postindustrialism with post pathrn culture. Spectators (consumers and investors) ar given wholly level fragments to compel worker and ecological stories from the vantage points of entry authored by corporate public relations. Corporate authorial-power be acts hegemonic as narrative p jackpots script follow outs and perception in ways unseen or take onn for granted.Consumers in the premiere gentlemans gentleman cannot see the ecological or work conditions because these locations atomic number 18 kept as strategic secrets. All unitary ever hears be stories directly authored by corporate interests acting as gatekeeper, authoring ventriloquist stories on behalf of workers and ecology. What is the relevance of this to Tamara? The play, Tamara, indite by John Krizanc (1981, 1989) entraps us as spectators in a maze of story and character choices where our stimulate complicity in civic responsibility stares coert at us. Some characters fork up a voice and advance to any spectators opposites experience either a weak voice or limited access. In Tamara manifesto (Boje, 2001), there was a c all in all to heed the interpenetration of postindustrialism and postmodern culture, the intertextuality of production, distribution, and consumption. Manguel (19881-2) gives us a starting rendering of traditional theatrics Theater, the representation of events as if they happened before your eyes begins with the convention of all spectacle a division of reality. virtuoso position allotted to the audience, the passive viewer, seated to observe some other to the play, the actors, moving to perform.In one property playing area, spectators and performers must come with the lin ear storyline of authorial authority and view the performance from the viewpoint the dramatist has determined will be seen by the spectators. In Tamara, the barrier between spectator and actor spaces has been clad the spaces co-mingle and spectators become actors on many another(prenominal) stages. My theory is that there are third divided spaces with narrators telling stories that join them operating in a kind of Tamara interconnecting three theatrical spaces 1.First, a consumptive space of spectators, the consumers and investors from the first gentleman 2. Second, a distributive space is reserved for performing executives, PR managers, and consultants, who mediate stories performed to the first space on behalf of those in a third space 3. 3rd, a productive and ecological space, of the Third World where mostly young women toil and where environmental laws are more than than lax workers and forests can not be seen or heard by those in the first space (and maybe not the sec ond).We will note to see how in one labor (athletic apparel) spectators are given a few more choices, in what we call the Athletic Apparel Industry Tamara, to ac play along whatever character and story they choose, masters or servants from country to country (or factory to showroom), knowing that there are simultaneous performances and they can not be in every place at one time. In short, consumers and investors rely upon the sharing of stories to construct their contrive of what is going on.Past examinations of the connection of storytelling and corporate outline ready focused on content depth psychology and a recent call has been to examine events or texts from a storytelling perspective (Barry Elmes, 1997). Some recent investigate recognizes that strategic penchants transpose oer time (Black Farias, 2000) and/or may be simultaneously present (Ashmos, Duchan, McDaniel, 2000) and/or may be emergent (Mintzberg, 1987, 1990,1994 Mintzberg McHugh, 1985 Mintzberg Waters, 19 85).Ways to determine changes in strategic orientation have include inference from actions (Grimm Smith, 1997) and the examination of archival documents, such as earn to share captureers (Landrum, 2000). We suggest that a more inclusive or Tamara approach is driveed to show the complexity of forces that cause the ground to move. We assume there is something somewhat the movement from a divided space in modern theater to the interpenetrating one of postmodern theater that guides Tamara a fit metaphor to analyze the Athletic Apparel Industry.In the past decades, the corporate forcefulness was to sustain the modernist barrier between spaces, as in contemporary theater the spectators sat in their respective(prenominal) spaces and did not question the veracity of the performed narratives. In the last decade, as consumers and investors (first space) visited the stage themselves and entered the third space, or when the workers of the Third World were transported to the first one, the n a more democratic theatrics of story production, distribution, and consumption became enacted on the global stage.The power of the corporate gatekeeper was dissolved. This study presumes that storytelling is useful in revealing corporate strategic orientation and in revealing when complexity forces changes and disrupts their orientations and postures. Stories are particularly useful in showing how individuals or corporations make sense of the world. Stories are sensemaking narratives of an scheme (Boje, 1991, 1995 Czarniawska, 1998 Frye, 1957 Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach, Zilber, 1998 Riessman, 1993 White, 1973).To explore storytelling and dodging intertextuality, we review an industry context that has been changing drastically over the past decade. The athletic shoe industry was chosen because it is a mature industry and has undergone many changes since the 1980s, such as the movement toward oversea production, increasing globalization, and involvement of activists over grate a nd environmental issues (Choe, 1999 Shetty, 1996). only it is the decade of the 1990s that has seen the most turbulent and complex changes, and its two most active players have been Nike and Reebok.For example, in 1998 Corporate Watch decided to turn their jet-propelled planewash Award into a Sweatwash Award and gave the prize to the Fair take Association, newly created by the White House Apparel Industry Partnership. They stated that, The Association will have the power to grant companies the right to sew no sweat labels in their clothing in consequence for what application activists fear will amount to cosmetic improvements in sweatshop conditions. (Light, 19981) Corporations led by Nike, Reebok, Liz Claiborne and Phillips-Van Heusen (then L.L. Bean and Patagonia) linked with some unknown man rights groups on the taskforce to propose the creation of the Fair Labor Association (FLA). The more radical contingent, colligate, (the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees), the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union, and the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility-were taskforce members who resigned their White House Apparel Partnership positions to protest the weak monitoring practices, no accompaniment wage and no right to organize provisions of the FLA. Sweatwash was a reaction to watching two decades of corporate environmentalism become a full court PR press with slick advertising to present a green corporate motion picture to the global stage temporary hookup co-opting both the serviceman and environmental rights movements. UNITE (1998) argues the FLA was created by a subgroup of the White House task force, consisting mostly of industry representatives from companies such as Nike, Reebok and Liz Claiborne and a few humankind rights groups. The FLA Clean Clothes/ No Sweat tag was the next industry strategy to mollify consumer and investors who were hearing more stories of exploitation corporations feared their public im age was tarnished by increased activism. In 1998, Nike inform plans to phase out PVC plastics in its shoes and other products and painted its web sites with plans to certify all of its 600 subcontract factories in IS014000 environmental standards. (This followed the 1997 release of the Ernst Young audit showing violations of Vietnamese environmental laws. Reebok, on the other hand, uses part of its advertising budget to give out Human Rights Awards (since 1992), while pretending to consumers and investors its products are Made in the USA rather than being mostly made in China. Both firms did not just become enlightened one day to environmentalism and human rights, they are responding to public opinion and to unskilled actors who are taking the global stage, entering the board room and shareholder meeting asking for freelance monitoring of corporate claims (Introductory Guide To Unplugging Corporations, 2001).This study will examine the earn to shareholders of the top two firms in this industry, Nike and Reebok, to trace their environmental and friendly responsibility magniloquence (Landrum, 2000). To focus exclusively on the environmental and fond responsibility narratives, we review Bojes (1999) standard and classify the rhetoric in the letters to shareholders future(a) his classification system. We follow with examples of Nike and Reeboks use of each oddball of rhetoric in their letters, showing the frequency of use of each type of rhetoric, and making some observations regarding Nike and Reeboks environmental and societal responsibility rhetoric.Rhetoric in Use Boje (1999) offers a model to classify the environmental and social responsibility rhetoric of corporations. He identifies classifications ranging from a denial of responsibility for environmental and social problems to the embracing of green goals as central to the mission of the organization. These levels of response are defending team resolution One, the first response, is defense r eaction. In Denial, the club denies accusations and ignores problems in their environmental and struggle practices.Our hypothesis is that this can work when the three theatrical spaces remain bounded and divided, so that only the corporate executive or PR lag mediates what is going on to the other two spaces. In the Nike (1990-1999) and Reebok (1990-1999) letters, we beliefed for evidence of denial of problems or for evidence of ignoring problems relate to environmental and undertaking practices. Nike Denial This section will provide some examples of passs coded within the Denial musical genre of environmental and social responsibility rhetoric. We offer our rationale for coding the passage within this genre.In the succeeding(a) 1994 passage, Nike chooses to criticize the media for their coverage of Nike problems. I coded this passage as denial since Nike refuses to acknowledge the problems that have been exposed by the media. 118 The blinder mentality is bad enough when ju dging the business world, but 119 it is characteristic of a more serious virus that is affecting the 120 coverage (or non-coverage) of significant cultural and political 121 stories. The sad accuracy is, as television news in general, and CNN in 122 particular, becomes ncreasingly invested in our lives, the print media 123 are publicizeed to crackinger extremes, laboured to choose survival over 124 integrity, the most entertaining story over the real story, until we 125 come to this The New York Times reduced to Vecsey on NIKE. The following passage from the 1995 Nike letter shows Nike again criticizing the media and Wall alley for failing to recognize Nike as a cash in ones chips investment. Nike neglects to make any consultation of the particular media exposes that have uncovered Nikes poor labor practices thus, I have coded the passage as denial. 8 This brings us back to my frustration and, I am sad to say, the 89 futility of this document. It simply does not matter what w e say in 90 words or put in numbers in the annual report. This poor small binder 91 is simply overwhelmed by electronic and print sound bites, or ignored 92 by the show biz-oriented media who convey a point of view in conflict 93 with sound investment. 94 95 As Director John Jaqua says, This has reached the point of 96 ridicularity. 97 98 So how, in that world, can you understand the who, what, when, where 99 and why of any company, especially one as arguable as NIKE? 00 101 The sad answer Cant really. It would be easy if we could bring 102 everybody to the NIKE Campus, or take everybody to 103 the Final Four, or the Olympic Trials, or the World Cup, or a Nebraska 104 high check football game, or a pick-up game on 125th Street. Thats 105 the world NIKE lives in. But, we cant do that. 106 107 Instead, well send our managers back to do what they do develop and 108 grow the best global company possible, and let the hurricane of media 109 hype blow on around us. The following Nike 1 996 passage blames the media for blasting their overseas practices. dismantle though they have finally declare this particular problem exposed by the media, they choose not to discuss it within the letter to shareholders or within the body of the annual report. Still, Nike did publish a 10-page add defending Nikes position however, it only further exemplifies their denial of the problem. 9 Yet no sooner had the great year ended than we were hit by a series of 10 blasts from the media about our practices overseas. 11 12 So I sat with a dilemma Use this space to answer our critics 13 isrepresentations, which would pop off little room for anything else, or 14 try to give our owners the big picture of their company. 15 16 I decided to do the latter with, like Roger Maris home run record, an 17 asterisk. We answer the overseas questions in a supplement that is 18 included in the annual report mailing. The following 1997 Nike passage touchs to suggest that Nike is failing to acknowle dge the problems associated with their overseas labor practices despite the fact that they have been repeatedly exact in the media. 3 To do that, I first have to take a second to babble about the filter 34 obstacle, that haze we have to fight through to explain what goes on 35 around this company. 36 37 NIKE (and the entire industry) tends to be a bit misunderstood. The 38 media prefer to hide us all as the entertainment portion of the 39 business world. So, they feel free to exaggerate, to interpret, to 40 extrapolate. To say they are prone to hyperbole would be an 41 understatement. To say that is how they make their living would not. Reebok Denial No Reebok letters were coded in this category. Green Gloss/Green Wash receipt Two is Green Gloss or Green Wash. During this phase, the company launches public relations campaigns to counteract negative publicity or accusations of activists. Nike Green Gloss/Green Wash In the following 1998 Nike excerpt, the company finally begins to acknowledge that labor practices are affecting their bottom line however, I view this acknowledgment as more of an perspiration to dis wait denial and patronize the public rather than to make a meaningful labour to change the situation. 24 So, what knocked us down in 1998? 25 26 Asia brown shoes labor practices resignations ayoffs 27 boring ads. Also, we have been criticized for our headquarters 28 expansion. But understand this We need a much bigger place to house 29 all our troubles. I have also coded the 1997 Nike passage, pertained previously (lines 33-41), as another example of green gloss/green wash. The companys defense of themselves in a 10-page supplement not only represented a denial of the problem, but also a public relations effort to discharge their practices. Reebok Green Gloss/Green Wash No Reebok letters were coded in this category. Strategic consciousness rejoinder Three is Strategic Awareness.During this phase, there is minimal compliance yet conscious(p redicate)ness exists of the need for change. Nike Strategic Awareness In the following 1998 Nike passage, the company suggests that the media is slowly becoming more knowledgeable of its questionable overseas labor practices. However, this ostensible change in media attitude is due to the fact that Nike has put forth a good-faith effort to improve their labor practices, and in turn, the media has simply begun to report these changes. 93 On our labor practices Our friends in the media are slowly becoming 94 more knowledgeable. This is good.It means that consumers are 95 actually getting apprised rather than just alarmed. This, too, will 96 take time. Meanwhile, the contrasts between us and our competitors and 97 other companies in the needle trade will show more each year. The following 1998 Nike passage suggests that it realizes that Americans are aware of their overseas practices, and accordingly, that Nike should be credited for this shift in public consciousness. 99 There is an interesting kinship going on between the Asia economic 100 crisis and the labor practices issue, which would take many chairmans sic 101 letters to cover.Instead, let me cut straight to the moral of the 102 story It is simply not acceptable for America to continue to be 103 moated Reebok Strategic Awareness No Reebok letters were in this category. Strategic Acquisition Response Four is Strategic Acquisition, or a voluntary move toward environmental audits and social responsibility. Although Nike makes no mention of their environmental audits, 1997 marked their first voluntary, environmental audit and was conducted by Ernst Young. Nike Strategic Acquisition No Nike letters were coded in this category.Reebok Strategic Acquisition Throughout their letters, Reebok makes reference to the fact that they seek to help make a better world and to make a difference. This is evidenced by the following passages from 1990 (lines 47-48) and 1991 (lines 59-60). The company has made a voluntary m ovement toward being socially obligated. 47 a high level of consciousness and a sense of responsibility to help 48 make a better world. 59 to make a difference for our consumers 60 and ourselves.Flagship Implementation Response Five is Flagship Implementation, in which the firm makes proactive moves to change their event mission and to include green goals. Nike Flagship Implementation No Nike letters were in this category. Reebok Flagship Implementation In the following passages, Reebok makes mention of the various programs and initiatives they started in order to become a socially responsible company. 1992 60 Our push for success, however, has not lessened our desire to make a 61 difference in the larger world. Reebok is alone(predicate) in its dedication to 62 human rights.Through our Human Rights Awards Program, which just com 63 pleted its fifth year, we filter to bring attention to young nation 64 around the world who advance the cause of human rights. This year, 65 throug h a grant from The Reebok Foundation, a new human rights program 66 began. WITNESS, a program providing video cameras, facsimile machines 67 and computers to human rights organizations, allows human rights acti 68 vists to document abuses of justice for the world to see. 1993 61 Finally, let us note that the aspirations of Reebok blossom out beyond the 62 bottom line. Our cargo to the pursual of human rights continues. 3 Once again, we recognized brave young people for their stand on human 64 rights one each from Belgium, Brazil, Egypt, and the United States. 65 Our Reebok Foundation helped inner city young people in United States 66 urban areas. Our Human Rights Production Standards, in place throughout 67 the world, helped assure that workers manufacturing Reebok products 68 benefited from quality conditions and fair labor practices. 1994 117 Another dimension of Reebok that enhances our global brand image is our 118 goal to be in the forefront of the corporate movement toward social 19 responsibility. We are the acknowledged corporate leader in promoting 120 human rights. Young people around the world, we look at look to 121 companies that stand for more than their great products. We 122 established the Reebok Human Rights Awards program in 1988, and we 123 continue to support it. This commitment led us to establish the Reebok 124 Human Rights Production Standards, through which we strive to improve 125 labor practices in overseas factories that make our products. This 126 commitment also is why we are working to make products that are 127 environmentally sound.We believe that companies should stand for 128 something. We believe our brand should stand for something. Personal 129 athletic achievement is a powerful message, but it is not enough on its 130 own. Reebok does stand for something, and as a publication a new generation 131 of young people are able to see that a company can be a source not only 132 of exciting products, but of social good. 199 6 55 Our Company continued its long-held commitment to human rights with the 56 Ninth Annual Human Rights Awards in 1996, watching young activists in 57 their struggle for human rights around the world.Our efforts in this 58 area extend beyond this recognition program and include our 59 establishment in 1992 of human rights production standards that we hold 60 our factories accountable to follow. Most recently, in 1996 in 61 response to the problem of child labor widely utilized in the stitching 62 of soccer balls, we entered into an agreement with our supplier to 63 skeletal frame a soccer ball manufacturing facility in Pakistan that will allow 64 us to control that all Reebok soccer balls will be made without the 65 rise of child labor. 148 we will continue to focus our efforts 49 on making a difference to our customers to our employees and to our 150 shareholders. 1998 42 I believe that the values that Reebok International stands for 43 as a company are precisely those values that consumers are looking for in todays marketplace. 84 One of the crucial elements of this plan is the repositioning of Reebok Unlimited based on the 85 concept of humanity. Actually, this is not so much of a repositioning as a rediscovery of the 86 values of creativity, free-spiritedness and individualism that we have always represented as a 87 company, but have deviated from recently in our advertising and marketing.Based on a return 88 to these universal human values, we believe Reebok Unlimited is in a unique position to appeal 89 to both the accredited performance and casual lifestyle markets at the same time. Table 1 Table 2 put down One Frequency of the use of environmental narratives by Nike and Reebok over the tenyear period, 1990 to 1999 134 WE STAND FOR DOING THE RIGHT THING. 135 136 all over the past year, a lot has been written about our industry and the issue of human rights. 137 We have been a leader in this area for more than a decade. Running a company involve s a lot 138 more than crunching numbers and whatever else gets in your way.It involves a commitment 139 of equal respect and fair give-and-take for all people. Simply put, this is the Reebok way. It will 140 always be the Reebok way. As concern for human rights issues grows among consumers 141 particularly younger consumers we believe our leadership and reputation will translate into 142 greater preference for our brands and products. Although Nike makes little mention of their environmental practices, labor practices, or social responsibility, those passages included in the letters primarily engage in denial, green gloss, and strategic awareness rhetorical styles.Nikes main response mode during the 1990s was denial. Reebok, on the other hand, mentioned their social responsibility efforts in many of their letters and were primarily engaged in strategic eruditeness and flagship implementation rhetoric. Reeboks main response mode was flagship implementation. The companies were at o pposite ends of the spectrum in their primary response mode during the 1990s. Both companies, however, were engaged in poor labor practices in their overseas operations (Baskin, 1996 Ernst Young, 1997 Fireman, 1999 Manning, 1997a-g Nguyen, 1997 Reebok, 1999).The difference is that Nike was denying the problems while Reebok was trying to be open about the problems and address them. Interestingly, we can conclude that being socially responsible and environmentally aware did not result in increased market share or profitability for Reebok. They continued to lose gross sales and market share throughout the 1990s (Figures 4 and 5). Reebok expected that their social responsibility stance would differentiate them from the competition. Rather, research and development and marketing are key success factors for this industry and Nike outperforms Reebok in both areas.Conclusion Boje (1999) puts forth a model of stages of environmental and social responsibility rhetoric. He suggests that rhet oric falls somewhere in a continuum ranging from Denial to Flagship Implementation. On one end of this continuum, companies may deny any responsibility for or ownership of their negative actions. The next stage of this continuum reflects rhetoric that glosses over issues and uses public relations campaigns in response to negative publicity. The third stage of Bojes (1999) continuum is rhetoric that acknowledges a need for change and puts forth gestures of minimal compliance.The fourth stage on this continuum is rhetoric that shows voluntary movement toward social responsibility and the last stage on the continuum is flagship implementation of environmental practices and embracing social responsibility. This article has shown that rhetoric is a useful way in which to understand and interpret a companys strategy. We have shown a more penetrating, or Tamara, view of the rhetoric of the athletic apparel industry leaders. Through analysis of letters to shareholders of Nike and Reebok ove r a ten-year period, we have shown Nike and Reeboks use of environmental and social responsibility rhetoric.The results show that Nike has engaged in Denial as their primary rhetorical style and Reebok has engaged in Flagship Implementation as their primary rhetorical style. The companies are at opposite extremes of this continuum. In spite of Nikes denial and Reeboks engagement of social responsibility, Nike revenues have skyrocketed and Reebok sales have plummeted (Figure 4). Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. If rhetoric indeed reveals strategy, these findings suggest that social responsibility and cabbage are negatively correlated for these two companies. In both Figures 2 and 3, we see the frequency of nvironmental and social responsibility rhetoric used by both companies increased. Nike engaged in rhetoric on the negative end of the continuum, suggesting denial of social responsibility Reebok engaged in rhetoric on the positive end of the continuum, suggesting implementation of so cial responsibility. Also near this time, revenues and market share of both companies began to move in a direction negatively correlated with the level of social responsibility (Figures 4 and 5). The empirical evidence has been conflate on the relationship between corporate monetary performance and social performance.Some researchers (Preston OBannon, 1997 Roman, Hayibor, Agle, 1999) have embed a positive relationship between corporate social performance and fiscal performance and other researchers (Ingram and Frazier, 1983 Freedman and Jaggi, 1982) have found a negative relationship. In the case of negative correlations between pecuniary performance and social performance, it is argued that the costs associated with social responsibility put the firm in an unfavorable financial position compared to firms that are not socially responsible (Aupperle, Carroll, Hatfield, 1985).Clearly the relationship between corporate financial performance and social performance is not fully un derstood. Nonetheless, rhetorical analysis is a useful postmodern tool in revealing a companys strategy and in revealing when changes or shifts in strategy occur. Figure 5 Reference REFERENCES Retrieved May 28, 2000, from the World Wide Web http// www. netadvantage. standardpoor. com/netahtml/ IndSur/apf/apf_0999. htm Czarniawska, B. (1998). A narrative approach to organization studies. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications. Reference Ernst Young (1997, January 6).Environmental and labor practice audit. Retrieved May 28, 2000, from the World Wide Web http/ www. corpwatch. org/trac/nike/ernst/audit. html Fireman, Paul (1999, October 17). Steps we must take on third-world labor. The Washington Post, p. B7. Freedman, M. Jaggi, B. (1982). Pollution disclosures, taint performance and economic performance. Omega, 10, 167-176 Frye, N. (1957). Anatomy of criticism Four essay . Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press. Reference Grimm, C. M. Smith, K. G. (1997). Strategy as action Industry rivalry and coordination. Cincinnati, OH South-Western College Publishing.Ingram, R. Frazier, K. (1980). Environmental performance and corporate disclosure. Journal of Accounting Research, 18, 614-622. Introductory Guide to Unplugging Corporations (2001) Retrieved environ 3, 2001 from the World Wide Web http// www. georgiastrait. org/Unplugging%20Corps. 3. pdf Reference Landrum, N. (2000). A Quantitative and Qualitative Examination of the Dynamics of Nike and Reebok Storytelling as Strategy. doctoral dissertation New Mexico State University. Lieblich, A. , Tuval-Mashiach, R. Zilber, T. (1998). Narrative research Read analysis. and intc=tation.

All Stressed Out Essay Example for Free

All focal pointed prohibited EssayThis activity examines the way that psychologists conceptualize stress, emphasizing that stress is a biopsycho-social process. You will explore the sources of stress in your own life, review your bodys response to stress, and then learn how cognitive assessment dramatically affects how much stress you actually experience.Checking the Level of Stress in Your Life What was your Stress test score? _______30_____ Do you think that such a test accurately captures your experience? What separate stressors should be included?I do not feel that it rates high enough on near aspects that are heavily weighing on a persons chest. I think they should chalk up an area for personal responsibilities and problems with children.Stress, Stressors, and Coping Psychologists differentiate stressors, strain, and stress. What does each of these terms mean?Stressors- an external event, situation, or other demand that triggers coping adjustments in a person. Strain - the outcome of stress such as loss of sleep, headaches, and inadequacy of concentration. Stress- the process by which we perceive and respond to a certain event that we appraise as ponderous or challenging.The General Adaptation Syndrome Describe Selyes general adaptation syndrome.When something occurs that takes your body away from its legitimate homeostasis state, into fear or rage, and then into exhaustion.The Biology of Stress Although both men and women experience the fight-or-flight syndrome, some scientists deal that women also can experience stress differently (tend-and-befriend). Briefly explain this hypothesis.This is because natural selection certain stress relieves differently as they grow of different ways and situations. Can you think of why this asseverate gender difference in fight-or-flight and tend-and-befriend may make sense from an evolutionary perspective?Because natural selectionwas genuine in ways that the fittest was more successful than the weaker p eople. Outline the bodys two-part endocrine response to stress.Hypothalamic, pituatary adrenocortical system is a delayed response that function to restore body to normal, and the Cortisol which affect glucose metabolism.Stress Harms Your Bodys Organ Systems List the effects of stress ono the heart brook the heart pressureo the digestive tract Reduction in enzyme digestions in blood flow.o the brain It can damage the neurons involved in learning and in memory, hypocampus is smaller in emphasize patients.Cognitive Appraisal The Filter Through Which Stressors Are Processed According to the transactional model, what triggers the process of stress?By considering it as a transaction in which each person makes continual adjustments to everyday circumstances. It is triggers when we exceed the superpower to cope with all our problems in life.

Country Analysis Essay Example for Free

Country Analysis EssayIndia is the third largest economy in the valet as regards to its purchasing power. If encumbranceive measures atomic number 18 taken it underside be the third largest economy afterwards the US and China. Although India has much potential in terms of economic advancement at that place ar merry extends that get to be addressed for eccentric all over world, milieual degradation, ethnic and religious strife as salubrious as extensive poverty.This paper will provide general in bodation about the estate for instance its political, economic, social and culture organization, economic and look at indicators, specific cogitates why its market is collective, potential and pitfalls in international management, and contemporary issues that may support-impede international management. A brief history. India is located in the southern Asia and it borders the Arabian Sea as hearty as the Bay of Bengal. It is between Burma and Pakistan. Its early hist ory dates back to the nineteenth century when Britain had the political control of all the Indian land.During the first and the second world wars the Indian soldiers play a signifi corporationt role. The Indians resisted the British control over their land and this led to their indep final stageence in 1947. substantial leaders that led in the non violent resistance include Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. (www. state. gov). The region was divided into two comprising of the worldly Indian state and the Muslim state of Pakistan. The two countries went into war in 1971 and the Eastern Pakistan became a enlighten nation of Bangladesh. The state of Kashmir is however a cause of dis fixe between the two countries up to date. policy-making organization. India decl ard itself a republic in January 1950 and it set a constitution that would guide its undertakings. The constitution was dandy in ensuring justice, liberty and equality. It was also made flexible enough to incorporate the social as hearty as economic changes should they arise. In ensuring democracy prevailed it first held its general elections in 1952 and since then election are held after every five years. India is a Union that comprises of 28 disk operating systems and seven centrally administered Union Territories. (www. state.gov). every atomic number 53 above eighteen years of age and is an Indian citizen has the right to vote match to the alimentation of the constitution. Fundamental Rights of every Indian citizen include the freedom of speech, expression, belief, assembly and association, migration, and choice of occupation or trade. favouritism on grounds of race, religion, creed or sex is consequently avoided through the above provisions. India has a form of parliamentary democracy, it has a bicameral parliament and the sovereignty rests ultimately with the people.The elected officials in the parliament are responsible in making important decisions regarding the country. India has a Co uncil of States which consists of not more than 250 members. 12 members are put forward by the President of India while the rest are elected. The vice death chair over counts the Council of States which is also known as Rajya Sabha. An important aspect regarding the Council of States is that it is not subject to dissolution and a third of its members retire at the end of every second year. Nominated members defy a special knowledge in areas for instance literature, science, benignantities as nearly as in social operate. on that point is also the Lok Sabha or House of the good deal which consists of 545 members. 530 of these are directly elected from the 25 States and 13 are from the seven Union Territories. Two of the members are nominated by the President and they act as representatives of the Anglo-Indian community. The President of India is also the Head of the State and the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. (www. state. gov). He is elected by an electoral college c omposed of members of both the Houses of Parliament that is the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha and the legislatures of the nations constituent States.The President holds office for five years term but he slew be re-elected. However, the President does not on his own initiative exercise any constitutional powers. The Council of Ministers which is headed by the bang Minister is the one responsible for that. Election of the vice president is between the members of both houses and the one with volume support in the Lok Sabha becomes the prime minister. The prime minister advises the president on the ministers to appoint and as great as the minister has support from the parliament he can continue to enjoy his term in the office.The judiciary is independent of the executive and it has the role of safe guarding the constitution of the land. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial tourist court but each state has its own high court. The current head of state who is also the president is M rs Pratibha Devisingh Patil and the head of government activity or the prime minister is Manmohan Singh. (www. state. gov). Economic. The GDP or the purchasing power parity bit as at 2007 was at $2. 965 trillion while the GDP per capita was at $2,700. The composition of the GDP according to the vault of heavens was as follows tillage contributed to 16.6%, industry 28. 4% and the services celestial sphere was 55%. The struggle suck was 516. 4 million with agriculture registering the highest percentage at 60% the service area was second at 28% and industry contributed 12%. The unemployment rate in 2007 was 7. 2% and the creation below poverty argumentation was 25%. The swelling rate or the consumer prices in 2007 was 5. 9%. The government budget was as follows revenues were $145. 2 billion while expenditures were at $182. 4 billion. The public debt both the federal and state debt accounted to 58. 8% of GDP. inelegant products that are produced in India include rice, wheat , oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry and fish. Relevant industries include textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, carry-over equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery and software. (CIA). In terms of trade India has been fluctuating for instance from 2005 to 2008 goods and services in terms of the percentage of GDP has shifted from 20. 2, 22. 7, 21. 2 to 20. 6. Likewise the inflation in this period was 4. 2, 6. 2, 6. 4 and 5. 2.Australian trade relationship in 2007 was as follows exports to India accounted to a tune of 5. 5% of the wide pct recording a festering of 5. 4. Imports from India were 0. 8% of the summarize parting which was a 14% total growth. In total the trade accounted for 3% of the total share with a growth of 6. 5%. Major exports to Australia include non monetary gold, coal, copper, ore and wool. India imports pearls and gems, electric plants, jewels and medicaments. The services exported to India from Australia include culture related as well as personal travel and they attribute to 3. 8% of the total share while the imports are 0.9% of the total share and the include computer services and personal travel. some other(a) export destinations include the US which account for 15. 4%, United Arab Emirates 9. 5% and China 6. 4%. (CIA). India can increase its GDP by increasing the production of the goods and services that it has a competitive advantage in. The population as at July 2008 according to CIA was at 1,147,995,898. The age structure was as follows 0-14 years attributed to 31. 5% of the total population with 189,238,487 males and 172,168,306 females. 15-64 years were 63. 3% of the total population of which there were 374,157,581 males and 352,868,003 were females.Those aged 65 years and over comprised of 5. 2% of the total population with 28,285,796 males and 31,277,725 females. The population growth rate is 1. 578% with a birth rate of 22. 22 births/1,000 and a d eath rate of 6. 4 deaths/1,000 population. The total infant mortality rate was 32. 31 deaths/1,000 brook births with males comprising 36. 94 deaths/1,000 live births as females comprised of 27. 12 deaths/1,000. Life expectancy at birth for the total population is 69. 25 years and males register a life expectancy of 66. 87 years as that of females is 71. 9 years. The total fertility rate is 2.76 children born per woman. (CIA). Among the significant activities that have an impact in the countrys economy is agriculture which is both traditional as well as modern. The service sector and modern industries also have a significant impact on the countrys economy. A large proportion of the labor force is in the agriculture and this is risky as the sector is accustomed to many fluctuations in the market. To make India attractive to foreigners as an effort of boosting its economy the government has skipd needless controls that would hinder foreign trade and investment.Allowing foreign inve stment on key areas same the telecommunications will be critical in promoting economic advancement in India. For the sensitive sectors like agriculture imposition of tariffs has the effect of reducing the number of people venturing in it. The countrys economy has registered a 7% growth within a decade and it has been able to reduce the poverty levels. In 2006 it was able to achieve an economic growth of 8. 5%. The high population can be of positive effects to the economy in the sense that it can be exploited as potential labor that is an important factor of production.By using the educated labor force it has risen to become a major exporter of software services as well as software workers. Through the economic expansion the country has been able to reduce its federal deficit at a remarkable rate. However the strong growth blended with light-headed accessibility to credit as well as a booming real estate precipitated inflation that was a cause of inflation. To control the inflation the central bank applied monetary policies like hiking the gratify rates to slow down the credit growth.Social and culture organization Indias culture is grotesque although it is very diverse for instance there are over 40 languages. Indians are very matey and this is good as it can have a positive effect on the manner at which they relate with foreigners. They are also very respectful to all and employers have good relationships with their employees. India is a resourceful country especially as it is known to provide its expertise regarding the construction of cement plants to the airports as well as to the railway systems.It has course of instructions gear to ensuring that developing countries are provided for with feasibility and detailed technical evaluation studies. The program is effective in the sense that it provides support in training personnel in areas like agriculture as well as small scale industries. India is also very committed to ensuring that it promotes unity between the developed as well as the developing countries towards the newborn economic order. (www. dfat. gov. au). India has been firm in its theme of not interfering with internal affairs of other countries or nations.It however advocates for the adherence of the dignity of human beings. Regarding its position on disarmament it is highly committed to ensuring that the horrors of terrorism do not cause legal injury or destruction to mankind. To this effect it has joined other countries in banning nuclear weapons. Potential and pitfalls in international management and solutions. Major pitfalls in the countrys economy include the lack of privatization of government owned industries as that would increase efficiency and accountability.The populist pressures from the government are a major reason behind the lack of privatization of state owned industries. Major stairs should also be taken so that the number of people living below the poverty line is reduced. The issue of unemployme nt is also an important one that should be well addressed. Encouraging people to be self employed as well as providing the appropriate tools will be a step forward in eradicating unemployment. Another critical issue that should be well addressed is the issue of a balanced rural urban divide.There is a problem in India where by approximately 70% of the population live in the rural areas or villages and this affects the pace by which rural urban growth takes place. (Panda and Gupta, 2004). A balanced development is what will see the Indian economy thrive. To be successful in business it will be appropriate to nurture the education system in India. This will be a step forward in ensuring that there is improved skill development. It is also critical to focus on skills development, improved governance as well as forging partnership in the private as well as public sector in the provision of infrastructures.Water is very essential and its scarcity ought to be effectively addressed. The b iggest challenge that India characters is the population growth which will have a stressful impact on the countries infrastructures. There is an urgent need to control the population growth as an effort of trying to reduce the adverse effects that it would transport to the economy. To promote sustained growth economic reforms ought to be put in place so that the challenges can be well addressed. Fiscal discipline will be vital. International business is affected negatively by the fluctuations in the markets.The government ought to focus on those sectors that the economy is worst fairing in like health as well as in education. To further address the issue of unemployment it is critical to reform the labor laws so that more job opportunities are created. (Phansalkar S. 2005). Although agriculture plays an important role in the countries economy there is need to reduce over dependence. Reorganizing it in a manner that will promote the introduction of new technologies that would redu ce the over reliance on climate for instance irrigation would also be vital.In an effort to reform the financial sector it will be appropriate to privatize some public sector banks as such a move will encourage efficiency and effectiveness. (Leung K and White S, 2004). To attract and retain Australian investors in India it has to ensure that its political system does not jeopardize with the investors activities. There have been cases where other foreign investors like US companies have preferred to close down instead of rubbish in courts over legal requirement issues. Enhancing the structural systems will be a necessary step if investors are to be preserved in the country.Irrational tax policies as well as other forms of trade barriers need to be addressed as they act as a disincentive to trade and investment. (timesofindia. indiatimes. com). Advancing the level at which the infrastructure is being developed by increasing the finances put aside for the same will be critical in enco uraging Australian investors. Enhancing the political reforms geared towards improving stability, privatization and deregulation as well as land reforms. An Australian based company can find the Indian market attractive or one with many opportunities.India is modernizing its infrastructure especially the transportation sector like the airports. This implies that there will be huge opportunities in infrastructure development like in roads, constructions, power plants, nuclear plants and air modernization. There is a considerable fixed political environment that will not have adverse effects on businesses in India. (Phansalkar S. 2005). It also has a stable currency and the market is one of the biggest democratic markets with a huge middle class and this will be necessary for the company as it will provides for labor as well as potential market.The clever labor can be tapped or exploited to provide labor for the foreign based company. There are minimal restrictions of entry to the I ndian markets and the Australian based company will not face many challenges when trying to venture. References CIA. The World Fact Book. India. Retrieved on 31st May 2008 from https//www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in. html Kwok Leung and Steven White. 2004. enchiridion of Asian Management. Birkhauser Publishers. Panda and Gupta. 2004. Mapping Cultural Diversity within India A Meta-analysis of Some Recent Studies. globose Business Review. 5 27-49 Phansalkar S. 2005. Opportunities And Strategies In Indian Business Preparing for a Global India. Sage Publishers. India. Recent economic indicators. Retrieved on 31st May 2008 from http//www. dfat. gov. au/geo/fs/inia. pdf Swaminathan S Anklesaria Aiyar. 2001. What makes MNCs quit India? Retrieved on 31st May 2008 from http//timesofindia. indiatimes. com/articleshow/1602986123. cms confidence of South and Central Asian Affairs. 2007 Background Note India. Retrieved on 31st May 2008 from http//www. state. gov/r/ pa/ei/bgn/3454. htm

Which enable clients to quote Essay Example for Free

Which enable clients to quote look forIn recent years, the signifi commodece of E-Procurement strategies has been emphasized frequently in the field of e-commerce. Since there are m any(prenominal) dimensions in the implementation of E-Procurement strategies, a multi variety of E-Procurement strategies have been developed and embodied. E-Procurement is more than just a dodge for making purchases online. E-Procurement ashes can connect companies and their product line dish directly with come throughrs while managing all interactions between them.Which enable clients to quote, requisition, order, and track and receive through single online channel. Finding an appropriate and well managed is a critical step in creating E-Procurement strategies. To solve this problem, this study investigates unhomogeneous flakes towards achieving outstrip E-Procurement strategies for a given category. Significance of E-Procurement Its evident that E-Procurement sites are the most successf ul.How you approach your tar cash in ones chips audience may differ depending on whether genius ingestions a business-to-business (B2B) or business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce model, but the major(ip) goal is to meets your customers necessitate and generate profit at the aforementioned(prenominal) time. Applying E-Procurement, benefits Supplier, Merchant and Customers. The companies can save on purchasing termss through online e-procurement system by trailing purchase, providers, better negotiation.To be successful, the e-seller must opt best E-Procurement strategies for Managing all the challenges for B2B Procurement which includes approved suppliers on-line, Increasing cost-effective of purchase management ,better Forecasting , best deal reports ,accessibility, flexibility, control ,cost ,time , Less maverick purchase and for whatsoever global operations (Chaffey, 2007). Strategies for e-procurement E-procurement is the automation of the procurement processes so that th e sourcing vendor selection, procurement processes, shipment status track and payment can be made in an online environment.The main aim of the e-procurement application is to reduce the one shot time for performing such applications hence increasing the opportunities that entrust attract more suppliers and greater negociate power to the buyers and this service of processs a company or an governing to realize greater profits within the system of rules. close to of the organizations and companies nowadays are looking for ways in which they are going to cut cost as the living standards and economic status keeps on changing and this leaves most of the companies with no option than to look for various ways to cut costs in every possible way.This can only be achieved by what is known as procurement and different companies have different definitions making it the strategic arm for cost reduction. Procurement is a very broad term and companies have to adapt e-procurement for all typ es of purchasing and in most cases the best place to apply electronic procurement is where a very close business relationship must be established and ongoing mutual aid is compulsory with suppliers and this is especially when development new products or technologies.In todays dynamic business companies are differentiating sourcing and logistics, value range of a function has been be the only solution due to the e-procurement applications which helps organizations and companies to realize lots of benefits through its usage and makes the company die a cost reduction of up to 5-10% of the total procurement spent in an organization.Before any company or organization thinks of using the e-procurement they have to bear in mind if the implementation pass on help the organization to generate more income and the benefits it will deliver to their organization and if it will deliver the aforesaid(prenominal) benefits to the perseverance. This profits of the e-procurement can only be re alized when a well plan procurement scheme is put in place and this strategy that may seem to be different from other companies is what will help your organization to realize the huge profits which will be an advantage to your company.According to search done on different sectors it indicates that almost 55% of the procurement expenditure is on services with the major services procured is management, business and administration services, and advertisement, marketplaceing and sales services, technology services and others and yet most organizations do not have a corporate wide policy for procuring such services. Another option that can be helpful for an organization is to choose only certain aspects of the e-procurement process to automate.For example some of the organization and businesses do their negotiations outside the e-procurement system and use the internet to do all their purchasing and order track and this will help an organization a great deal to realize huge profits depending on their take ons. Many of the organizations and businesses simply use e-procurement for connectivity purposes and this option is only suitable to companies or businesses that are not provoke in making a major switch and are happy with their procurement system they have.E-procurement systems help every company a great deal in terms of delivery as they get impressive returns on their investments To effectively implement the e-procurement 1. Start with non-critical items. An initial e-procurement system should slim the amount of paperwork needed for purchasing and reduce order complexity by standardizing the exchange process between supplier and buyer. engross your intranet to bring all inwrought stake-holders on board with your new procurement process and to establish internal customer behavior.Streamline, map, screen, troubleshoot and improve the process before expanding it to external suppliers. Work with a favored supplier to test the system. 2. Leverage your system once its running. Exploit your full purchasing power by using reversed auctions. Invite new suppliers to participate once the system has proven itself. 3. Combine buyers within your organization to increase your purchasing power and gain better pricing. 4. Use a portfolio approach to expand your system. It is not possible to have uniform relationships with all suppliers nor are all purchasing requirements the same.Sort purchasing needs into groups that can use a similar process and a similar template Difficulty in E-Procurement There exist several differences between Merchants from different parts of the globe due to differing cultures, values, Policy and terms. In addition, Involved in managing more complex B2B relationships requiring expensive technology and capabilities. Integrating between purchasing process and information of Inventory, logistics and other systems require much more customization. seam Objectives towards E-Procurement StrategyThe main aim of the business to re duce the cost, Improve contact compliance. Enhanced market data. Improve in provisions of service and cost. confirm the competition, balancing the trade during agile business process, Improve the Internal customer relationship management. Best set down Management during recession. One-stop-shopping, getting more partners, reduced dependency and lower inventory. Reduced paper cost, Better conclusion products. Distributes the purchasing power to authorized user, standardizes buying methods. To make effective use of human resources (Kaplan, Norton, 2004).Business/ vendee considerations Towards E-Procurement Strategy In order to achieve E-Procurement across all channels, it is important that the business develops at least(prenominal) minimal strategy outlining its goals and how to achieve them. Understanding current purchasing policies. Investigate the type of spending by classifying the buying goods in terms of direct and indirect. invest the source of goods and services which ar e belong to either contract or spot purchase. To be success, it depends in large part on the number and types of merchants that join.Considering the bare cost which may be included in switching supplier. Maintaining supplier business relationship (Dobni, 2003). rank high put up risk and low profit of business process. Financial standing, settlement and Logistics needs of purchaser, forest of Purchaser staff. Supplier/Technology Consideration towards E-Procurement What are the functions are included. Is key suppliers are ready to use e-commerce. Who and how best maintain the catalogue content. Is it feasible interface with leading supplier hubs and is it scalable to meet the supplier needs (Verma, 2007).Developing the Best Strategy for E-Procurement The initial E-procurement strategy can be derived from the following steps. Identify the objectives of business and possible conditions. Then involves in situation and context psychoanalysis and followed by SWOT analysis of busines s, Technology and process . Finally derive the best strategy by taking the Key considerations from Merchant, supplier and Technology perspective. As well as consider budget and performance perspective without deviating from the Business Goals and Objectives (Kaplan, Norton, 2004).Guidelines for choosing best E-Procurement strategy E-procurement is basically divided into 4 categories as Buyer centric, Supplier centric, E-marketplaces, and Collaborative. The following bullet points are generic and applicable to all categories Addressing basic type of goods and service covered by e-procurement. Direct and substantiating goods. Indirect materials are generally included commodity and standard Item and often cut industry line and low risk. Direct Materials are not easy to automate and consume large resources and need degree of collaboration with suppliers Focusing on defined Target groups E-procurements process is geared towards the supplier and consumer comfort and needs. Equal Fos tering competition Both supplier and consumer should be economically benefit Enable supply management to focus on value added function of contract management and Strategic sourcing Controls Procurement depreciate and makes great deal of sense to help keep costs under control Encouraging the re-use of existent solutions Intensify the collection of feedbacks and success stories from direct and indirect contact Create Effective Collaboration which provide best Cross functional and supplier collaboration Spend Management Initiatives reduce of Maverick buying and tightened spend management Provide Price adjusting strategy based on the situations and deals Manages a Global system of supply chain methods to support beyond corporative Limit by introducing modern and structured e-procurement process. The process is out-and-out(a) and easy to use. Selecting the appropriate e-procurement techniques for the give products needs Depends on company size and financial status select either wait and see or passive approach Increase corporate leverage with the reports for sale Choosing effective Platform o Easy to use by both vendor and buyer o Flexible comely to accommodate direct and indirect purchasing needs o Functionality rich enough to perform wide rand of purchasing, searching, sourcing, bidding, tracking, auditing, Choosing Right vendor o Considering quality of service providers includes B2B strong knowledge and market place Interaction (Gronroos, Ojasolo, 2004). ConclusionThere is need of choosing best e-procurement strategy to be successful in B2B relationship. For this to be effectively achieved, it should be in a way that is acceptable by both Purchaser and supplier to meet their needs. As such, the B2B relation success is determined by ability of choosing best strategy of e-procurement. References Dobni, D. (2003). A framework for understanding service sector Productivity, the Journal of Services Marketing. Gronroos, C. Ojasolo, K. (2004). Service pr oductivity towards a conceptualization of transformations of inputs into economic results in services.Journal of Business Research. Kaplan, R. S. , Norton D. P (2004). The Balanced Scorecard Measures That tote Performance, Harvard Business Review. Kaplan, R. S. , Norton D. P (2004). Putting the Balanced Scorecard to Work, Harvard Business Review Verma, K. (2007). Service marketing text and cases. India Pearson education Aaker, D. (2004). Brand portfolio strategy creating quality service delivery. Free press. Business Review Weekly, vol. 21, issue 34-37 Business review weekly Dell Inc. Business review weekly.Chaffey, Dave (2007). E-business and e-commerce management. Prentice Hall. Ogg, Erica (2009). A modest approach to fix Dells customer service. Retrieved on 12th February, 2009 from http//news. cnet. com/8301-10784_3-9939821-7. html Dell Website. Build or release? Retrieved on 12th February, 2009 from http//www. dell. com/downloads/global/power/ps3q09-20090389-Build. pdf Holzne r, Steven (2006). How Dell does it. McGraw-Hill Professional. Blackshaw, Peter (2008). Satisfied customers tell three, hot customers tell 3000. Doubleday.